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Kup teraz The Jewish Community: Authority and Social Control in Poznan and Swarzedz 1650-1793 za 42.00 zł w księgarni virtualo.pl
Książka - napisana przede wszystkim na podstawie źródeł żydowskich, przeważnie w języku hebrajskim - stanowi cenny wkład w badania nad dzie...
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Cena: 42.00 zł
Sklep: virtualo.pl
Kup teraz The Jewish Community: Authority and Social Control in Poznan and Swarzedz 1650-1793 za 42.00 zł w księgarni virtualo.pl
Wydawca: brak danych
Kategoria: E-booki/E-historia i literatura faktu
ISBN: 9788380022546
Waga: b/d kg
Rok wydania: 2015
Książka - napisana przede wszystkim na podstawie źródeł żydowskich, przeważnie w języku hebrajskim - stanowi cenny wkład w badania nad dziejami Żydów w Polsce. Na przykładzie gmin w Poznaniu i Swarzędzu pokazuje mechanizmy funkcjonowania i politykę władz gminy żydowskiej w epoce nowożytnej w okresie między zakończeniem wojen szwedzkich a schyłkiem Rzeczypospolitej. Szczegółowy opis oraz analiza struktury władz gminnych, sposobu ich wyłaniania i funkcjonowania pozwala nie tylko zrozumieć, jak gminy funkcjonowały, ale także jakie przyczyny prowadziły do zmian.
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This book feÂatuÂres the meÂchaÂniÂsms unÂderÂlyÂing the opeÂraÂtion of JeÂwish comÂmuÂniÂties and the poÂliÂcies purÂsuÂed by comÂmuÂniÂty auÂthoÂriÂties in earÂly moÂdem tiÂmes. The comÂmuÂniÂties feÂatuÂred are PoÂznaÅ„ and SwaÂrzÄ™dz. AlÂthoÂugh auÂthoÂriÂty was maÂinÂly exerÂciÂsed in a comÂmuÂniÂty by the kaÂhal and its ofÂfiÂcials, the rabÂbi, broÂtherÂhoÂods, and craÂftÂsmen’s guÂilds were also inÂvoÂlved in the comÂmuÂniÂty’s maÂnaÂgeÂment. The purÂpoÂse of this work is also to hiÂghÂliÂght the muÂtuÂal inÂterÂdeÂpenÂdenÂcies beÂtweÂen all of theÂse groÂups.
It is by no meÂans acÂciÂdenÂtal that WielÂkoÂpolÂska (GreÂat PoÂland) has been choÂsen as an examÂple. This reÂgion, imÂporÂtant in deÂmoÂgraÂphic and culÂtuÂral terms, was the area of the earÂliest JeÂwish setÂtleÂment in PoÂlish lands. JeÂrzy ToÂpolÂski deÂscriÂbed WielÂkoÂpolÂska’s uniÂque soÂcioÂecoÂnoÂmic strucÂtuÂre. AgriÂculÂtuÂre and inÂduÂstry shaÂped the area’s ecoÂnoÂmy (with the granÂge caÂteÂring to the doÂmeÂstic marÂket raÂther than to exports across the BalÂtic Sea, with noÂbiÂliÂty more inÂcÂliÂned to inÂvest, with hiÂghÂly deÂveÂloÂped sheÂep breÂeding and teÂxtiÂle inÂduÂstry, woÂolen cloth proÂducÂtion in parÂtiÂcuÂlar, and with a high shaÂre of urban poÂpuÂlaÂtion, a poÂsiÂtiÂve traÂde baÂlanÂce, and a high shaÂre of peÂcuÂniaÂry rent in peÂasants’ perÂforÂmanÂces to theÂir lords). WielÂkoÂpolÂska was maÂinÂly inÂhaÂbiÂted by meÂdium noÂbiÂliÂty and theÂre were no larÂge maÂgnaÂte esÂtaÂtes, tyÂpiÂcal of the eastern reÂgions of the PoÂlish-LiÂthuÂanian ComÂmonÂweÂalth. Owing to WielÂkoÂpolÂska’s speÂciÂfiÂciÂty, the naÂtuÂre of JeÂwish setÂtleÂment in this reÂgion was diÂstincÂtly difÂfeÂrent from that in other reÂgions: Jews maÂinÂly setÂtled in towns,taÂking up such tyÂpiÂcal urban ocÂcuÂpaÂtions as traÂde and craÂfts. The book preÂdoÂmiÂnanÂtly reÂlies on the arÂchiÂval soÂurÂces proÂduÂced by two JeÂwish comÂmuÂniÂties in WielÂkoÂpolÂska – in PoÂznaÅ„ and SwaÂrzÄ™dz – which are amÂple and very well preÂseÂrved comÂpaÂred to thoÂse of other ComÂmonÂweÂalth’s comÂmuÂniÂties. It also feÂatuÂres broÂader pheÂnoÂmeÂna chaÂracÂteÂriÂstic of the way the JeÂwish self-goÂvernÂment funcÂtioÂned at the loÂcal leÂvel. It is also worth unÂderÂscoÂring that the staÂte of esÂtaÂtes, wheÂre inÂdiÂviÂduÂal esÂtaÂtes exerÂciÂsed seÂpaÂraÂte riÂghts and were difÂfeÂrenÂtly orÂgaÂniÂzed, was a very good groÂund for the growth of such self-goÂvernÂment.
This seÂcond EnÂglish ediÂtion of the book is larÂgeÂly due to the unflagÂging inÂteÂrest in the hiÂstoÂry and culÂtuÂre of the PoÂlish Jews. That inÂteÂrest is not a mere fad, but a pheÂnoÂmeÂnon that has beÂcoÂme a perÂmaÂnent feÂatuÂre of hiÂstoÂriÂcal wriÂting. TheÂre is also a noÂtiÂceÂable trend for schoÂlars, who are inÂcreÂasinÂgly betÂter preÂpaÂred in terms of reÂseÂarch toÂols and lanÂguÂage, to foÂcus on that area of stuÂdy. Which transÂlaÂtes into a new perÂcepÂtion of the plaÂce and role of the Jews wiÂthoÂut whom the soÂcio-ecoÂnoÂmic landÂscaÂpe of the anÂcient ComÂmonÂweÂalth woÂuld have been hiÂghÂly inÂcomÂpleÂte and sparÂse. It is beÂcoÂming more wiÂdeÂspreÂad in PoÂland, too, as eviÂdenÂced by the emerÂgenÂce of vaÂrioÂus muÂseums which feÂatuÂre/unÂderÂscoÂre the preÂsenÂce of Jews in loÂcal comÂmuÂniÂties. As the MuÂseum of the HiÂstoÂry of PoÂlish Jews, reÂcenÂtly opeÂned in WarÂsaw, best deÂmonÂstraÂtes. The PoÂznaÅ„ comÂmuÂniÂty is one of the olÂdest JeÂwish comÂmuÂniÂties in the PoÂlish lands. The olÂdest reÂfeÂrenÂce to Jews liÂving in PoÂznaÅ„ (PoÂzna) coÂmes from 1379.[1] LeÂgend has it that a syÂnaÂgoÂgue was buÂilt in that town in 1367, first reÂferÂred to in soÂurÂce maÂteÂrials in 1449. The first menÂtion of the ceÂmeÂteÂry coÂmes from 1438.AnoÂther PoÂznaÅ„ leÂgend, which most proÂbaÂbly daÂtes from the seÂcond half of the 15th cenÂtuÂry, tells aboÂut the host proÂfaÂned by the PoÂznaÅ„ Jews in 1399.
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